Pro English: English grammar (tenses)

ٍSimple Present:

Signal words	Use	Form	Examples affirmative	Examples interrogative
every day sometimes always often usually seldom never first ... then	something happens repeatedly how often something happens one action follows another things in general with the following verbs (to love, to hate, to think, etc.) future meaning: timetables, programs.	Infinitive he/she/it + -s	I work. He works. I go. He goes.	Do I work? Does he work? Do I go? Does he go?
			Examples negative
			I don't work. He doesn't work. I don't go. He doesn't go.

Correct the verbs between brackets:

1-The weather usually (get) cold in winter.

2-Ali always (come) late to school.

3-We (visit) my uncle every Friday.

Make negative sentences.

1. My father makes breakfast. →

2. They are eleven. →

3. She writes a letter. →

Make questions.

1. you / speak / English →

2. when / he / go / home →

Present continuous:

Signal words	Use	Form	Examples affirmative	Examples interrogative
now at the moment Look! Listen!	something is happening at the same time of speaking or around it future meaning: when you have already decided and arranged to do it (a fixed plan, date)	to be (am/are/is) + Infinitive + ing	I'm working. He's working. I'm going. He's going.	Am I working? Is he working? Am I going? Is he going?
			Examples negative
			I'm not working. He isn't working. I'm not going. He isn't going.

Put the verbs into present progressive.

1. My sister ( clean)………….. the bathroom.

2. Look! They ( go)…………..inside.

Rewrite the sentences using the negative forms.

1. We are playing a game. →

2. I'm drawing a picture. →

Write questions in present progressive.

1. Robin / ride / his bike –

2. where / she / go –

Simple past:

Signal words	Use	Form	Examples affirmative	Examples interrogative
last ... ... ago in 1990 yesterday	action took place in the past, mostly connected with an expression of time (no connection to the present)	regular: Infinitive + -ed irregular: go – went	I worked. He worked. I went. He went.	Did I work? Did he work?
			Examples negative
			I didn't work. He didn't work. I didn't go. He didn't go.

Complete the table in simple past.

positive	negative	question
Jane was tired.
	Sean did not work.
		Did I have a cat?
	Mary did not sing.
		Did she see us?

Past continuous:

Signal words	Use	Form	Examples affirmative	Examples interrogative
While	an action happened in the middle of another action someone was doing sth. at a certain time (in the past) - you don't know whether it was finished or not	was/were + Infinitive + -ing	I was working. He was working. I was going. He was going.	Was I working? Was he working? Was I going? Was he going?
			Examples negative
			I wasn't working. He wasn't working. I wasn'tgoing. He wasn't going.

Complete the table in past progressive.

positive	negative	question
It was raining.
	They were not playing.
		Was I listening?
	Caron was not eating.
You were singing.

Present Perfect:

Signal words	Use	Form	Examples affirmative	Examples interrogative
just yet never ever already so far, up to now, since for recently	you say that sth. has happened or is finished in the past and it has a connection to the present action started in the past and continues up to the present	have/has + past participle* (infinitive* + -ed) or (3rd column of table of irregular verbs)	I have worked. He has worked. I have gone. He has gone	Have I worked? Has he worked? Have I gone? Has he gone?
			Examples negative
			I haven't worked. He hasn’t worked. I haven't gone. He hasn’t gone.

Put the verbs into the correct tense

1-We (prepare / already)…………………………….dinner.

2-He (come / just)…………………………..home.

3-I (see / not)……………………..anyone yet.

4-We (be / not)…………………..to the zoo so far.

5-(you / read)………………………………………. the book yet?

6-How many letters (they / write)………………………………… so far?

Present Perfect continuous:

Signal words	Use	Form	Examples affirmative	Examples interrogative
all day the whole day how long since for	action began in the past and has just stopped how long the action has been happening emphasis: length of time of an action	have/has + been + Infinitive + -ing	I have been working. He has been working. I have been going. He has been going.	Have I been working? Has he been working? Have I been going? Has he been going?
			Examples negative
			I haven't been working. He hasn't been working. I haven't been going. He hasn't been going.

Write sentences in present perfect progressive.

1. Kevin / read →

2. you / TV / watch / all day →

3. Paul / to the radio / listen / not →

4. the men / cards / play →

5. the girls / cycle / not →

Write questions in present perfect progressive.

1. Carol / shout →

2. you / dance →

3. Kevin / run →

4. they / on the phone / talk / how long →

5. these books / lie / on the floor / how long →

Past perfect:

Signal words	Use	Form	Examples affirmative	Examples interrogative
After Before when	Action that happened in the past before another action in the simple past	Had +past participle	I had written my home work before I went shopping.	Had you written your home work before you went shopping ?
			Examples negative
			I hadn't written my home work before I went shopping

Complete the sentences in Past Perfect Simple

1. I lost the key that he (give)…………….to me.

2. She told me that she (see)…………….. a ghost.

3. I went downstairs because I (hear)………………… a noise.

4. The waiter served something that we (not / order)…………….

5. He went to Alaska where he (not / be)………..….. before.

6. She put on the red dress, which she (not / wear…………….for ages.

Complete the questions in Past Perfect Simple.

7. (you / finish)……………your homework before you went to the cinema?

8. (why / you / clean)…………….the bathroom before you bathed the dog?

9. (you / have)…………breakfast before you came here?

10. (she / find)………….a place to stay when she went to Boston?

11. (where / she / live)………….before she moved to Chicago

Simple Future:

Signal words	Use	Form	Examples affirmative	Examples interrogative
Tomorrow Soon Next week Next month Next year	Action that will happen in the future.	Will+infinitive Be+Going to + infinitive	-He will go to Dubai tomorrow. -He is going to travel next week	Will he go to London? Is he going to travel to London ?
			Examples negative
			He will not go to London. He isn't going to travel to London.

Write sentences in future.

1. he / phone / his girlfriend

o Positive:…………………..

o Negative:…………………..

o Question:…………………..

2. they / share / a room

o Positive: ……………

o Negative:……………..

o Question:…………….

3. the boss / sign / the contract

o Positive:……………

o Negative:………………….

o Question:……………..

4. we / plant / the tree / in the morning

o Positive:………………

o Negative:………………

o Question:………………

Future continuous:

Signal words	Use	Form	Examples affirmative	Examples interrogative
At… when	The future continuous tense expresses action at a particular moment in the future. The action will start before that moment but it will not have finished at that moment. the Future Continuous to indicate that a longer action in the future will be interrupted by a shorter action in the future. Remember this can be a real interruption or just an interruption in time.	Going to be + Infinitive + -ing will be + Infinitive + -ing	You will be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.	Will you be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight?
			Examples negative
			You will not be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight.